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For the first time, Indian-made AK-203 rifles were used in live combat along the Line of Control (LoC) during the high-intensity Operation Sindoor, marking a significant milestone in India’s defence modernization and self-reliance push.
Delivered to the Indian Army in 2024, these rifles—manufactured under the Indo-Russian Rifles Private Limited (IRRPL) joint venture—have now demonstrated their operational value in a real-world conflict scenario.
The deployment of the AK-203 rifles during Operation Sindoor represents a coming of age for India’s domestic defence production, aligning with the broader goals of the Make in India and Atmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Reliant India) initiatives. Their successful use highlights both the growing confidence in indigenous weaponry and the operational flexibility they provide in high-threat environments.
Operation Sindoor
Triggered by a terrorist attack in Pahalgam on April 22, which claimed 26 civilian lives, the Indian military launched a powerful counter-offensive. Between May 6 and 7, a series of coordinated precision strikes were carried out, targeting nine terror camps across Pakistan and Pakistan-occupied Kashmir (PoK). These included seven Army-led strikes using long-range Excalibur artillery rounds and loitering munitions, complemented by intense shelling between May 7 and 10 along the LoC.
The AK-203 rifles played a key role during the close-quarter responses to Pakistani provocations along the LoC. Units armed with these rifles engaged effectively in retaliatory strikes and defensive operations across sectors such as Uri, Poonch, Rajouri, and Tangdhar.
AK-203: A Game Changer
Chambered for the 7.62×39mm cartridge, the AK-203 combines the legendary reliability of the Kalashnikov platform with modern enhancements suited to Indian combat requirements. Its robust design, ease of maintenance, and adaptability in diverse terrain make it ideal for LoC deployments.
Manufactured at the Korwa Ordnance Factory in Amethi, Uttar Pradesh, the rifle is the result of a major Indo-Russian defence collaboration. The IRRPL, a joint venture between Kalashnikov Concern, ROSOBORONEXPORT, and India’s Ordnance Factory Board, delivered an initial batch of 35,000 rifles in 2024. The production also involved a substantial technology transfer, ensuring a high level of localization.
To further increase its battlefield effectiveness, SSS Defence—a Bengaluru-based private defence firm—developed an upgrade kit for the AK-203, enhancing its ergonomics, sighting systems, and modularity. These upgrades have improved the rifle’s performance under stress, especially in high-altitude and rugged terrains like those along the LoC.
SIG Sauers And Precision Artillery
While the AK-203 was prominent in infantry engagements, the Indian Army also utilized American-made SIG Sauer rifles during Operation Sindoor, reflecting a diversified small arms portfolio optimized for different combat needs. The SIG rifles, known for their lightweight design and high accuracy, were deployed with special units requiring agile firepower.
Meanwhile, the Regiment of Artillery played a decisive role in neutralizing enemy bunkers and command posts using the M777, Soltam, and Bofors artillery systems. Precision-guided Excalibur rounds extended the Army’s reach to over 50 km, allowing accurate strikes deep into enemy territory.
A Self-Reliant Defence Force
With the integration of advanced technology, locally sourced equipment, and evolving operational strategies, the Indian Army is steadily shifting toward a leaner, more mobile, and more autonomous force structure.
